Routledge

Chapter 5

Chile: High School Science Standards

 

Chemistry

Biology

Physics

Grade 9

Water

  • Electrolysis of water
  • Contamination and purification

Air

  • Composition
  • Compressibility and diffusion of gases
  • Seasonal variations in quality and composition
  • Use of natural gas as energy source

Petroleum

  • Origin and commercialization
  • Production, consumption and reserves; substitutes

Soils

  • Classification
  • Conservation
  • Mineralogy
  • Copper exploitation

Cell structure and function

  • Structure of plant and animal cell
  • Transport across membranes
  • Organic molecules
  • Emergent properties of cells

Vital processes and functions

  • Nutrition and balanced diets
  • Catabolic and anabolic metabolism
  • Digestion and absorption of nutrients

Circulation

  • Circulatory system
  • Blood
  • Adaptations to training

Respiratory System

  • Comparative anatomy
  • Oxygen availability and debt during exercise; relationship to aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Excretion

  • Urinary system

Sound

  • Vibration and sound
  • Sound waves
  • Sound composition

Light

  • Light transmission
  • Nature of light

Electricity

  • Electric charge and current
  • Magnetism
  • Electricity

Grade 10

Atomic theory

  • Structure and dimensions
  • Periodic properties

Chemical bonds

  • VSPER theory
  • Ionic, covalent and metallic bonds
  • Bond angles and 3D representations

Organic chemistry

  • Functional groups
  • Common organic compounds
  • Stoichiometry and energetics of the oxidation of sugars, proteins and fats
  • Distillation of an alcoholic beverage and estimation of alcohol content

Cell structure and function

  • Cell cycle
  • Chromosome theory
  • Mitosis and meiosis

Vital processes and functions

  • Hormonal control of reproduction and gametogenesis
  • Hormonal control of growth and development

Human biology and health

  • Mutagenesis
  • Medical use of hormones
  • Sexually transmitted diseases
  • Genetic disorders

Variability and heredity

  • Definition and sources of genetic diversity
  • Animal breeds
  • Ethical issues surrounding cloning

Motion

  • Describing motion
  • Forces and motion
  • Mechanical energy

Heat

  • Temperature
  • Thermal energy

Grade 11

Reactivity and equilibrium

  • Energetics
  • Stoichiometry
  • Redox reactions

Kinematics

  • Rates of reaction
  • Catalysts

Reactivity in organic chemistry

  • Chemical reactions of organic compounds
  • Organic chemistry in food science

Cell structure and function

  • Cellular adaptations
  • Relationship between structure and function

Vital processes and functions

  • Homeostasis
  • Nervous system
  • Muscular system and motor response

Hunan biology and health

  • Psychoactive drugs and addiction
  • Stress

Mechanics

  • Circular motion
  • Conservation of energy

Fluids

  • Hydrostatics
  • Hydrodynamics

Grade 12

Natural and synthetic polymers

  • Polymers
  • Protein structure
  • DNA structure and replication

Nuclear phenomena

  • Isotopes and nuclear instability
  • Nuclear fusion and fission
  • Medical applications of isotopes

Industrial chemistry

  • Mining and extraction techniques
  • Glass, cement and ceramics
  • Polyethylene, nylon and silicone

Cell structure and function

  • Genome, genes and genetic engineering

Vital processes and functions

  • Immune system: Specific and non-specific defenses

Hunan biology and health

  • Blood groups
  • Immune disorders
  • Artificial immunization

Organism and environment

  • Interspecific relationships
  • Populations and communities
  • Biodiversity, human population growth and assessment of environmental impact

Electricity and magnetism

  • Forces between charged particles
  • Alternating current circuitry
  • Electromagnetic waves

Atomic theory

  • Models
  • Uncertainty principle
  • Nuclear physics

Source: http://www.mineduc.cl downloaded May 17, 2002